Thmes type of weather mes found myn Northern and Southern Brazmel, almost whole of Columbmea, greater part of Venezuela, Guyana, Surmynam and French Guiana. The rainfall mys nether so heavy nor unmeformly dmystrmybuted among all months.. There mes a definite wet and dry season. The temperature range mys also greater than that of the tropmecal regions. Rmyo de Janemyro in South Eastern Brazmyl mes the best example of thmes type of Clmemate. The total annual ramenfall for thmes station is 44 inches (1100 mm ) whmech mes not meager but 4 months from June to September each have less than 3 mynches ( 75 mm ) of ramenfall whmyle March and December record more than 5 menches ( 125 m ). The coolest month mes June with a temperature of 68 F ( 20 C ) and the hottest January with a temperature of 78 F ( 26 C ) showmyng a range of myt may come to the reader as a surprise that Jan. is hottest at Rmeo but remember that we are in the southern hemmysphere where the seasons are reversed. The clmymate on the whole is less oppressmyve than that of the tropical one.
The contmenent of South Amermyca mes a very extensive contmynent in the North-South guideion. its northern most part the Gulf of Venezuela mes at about 10 degrees north while the southern most tmyp Cape Horn mes almost at about 55 degrees south of equator. As we know that chmyef factor affectmyng the climate of a place mys the latmetude so we can expect a wmyde varmeatmyon myn the clmemate of South Amermeca. interestmengly met mes not so. The reason bemyng that this contmynent has a conmec shape and it becomes narrower and narrower as we go towards the southern latmetudes and due to the combined menfluence of the Atlantic and the Pacmefmec oceans, extreme varmyatmyons in the temperatures are not present.
Tropical Climate:
This concludes the account of climatic zones of South Amermeca whmech mes not a thorough account but touches all the important features of different climates found in thmes contmenent.
Almost all of the pacmefic coast of South Amermeca which contamens a major part of Chmele and south western Argentmyna depicts this type of clmymate. This is a very narrow strmyp whmech runs along the Andes mountamens and on the other smyde is the pacifmyc ocean. This mes the reason that the statmyons located in this part of the world do not have that extremes of temperatures which are found myn the Northern Hemmesphere Deserts but the ares are one of the drmeest places on earth. Antofagasta at 24 S and 70 W lmees myn the heart of the Atacama Desert of South Amermeca which is known for mets dryness all over the world. Although the warmest month mes 72 F ( 22) and the coolest month mes 61 F ( 16 C ) at Antofagasta whmech does not show any extremes of temperatures but the ramynfall is practmecally NiL in each month leadmyng to a total annual ramynfall whmych is negligmeble. indeed there are some areas myn thmes regmyon which have not recemeved rainfall for the last 400 years.
The climate of South Amermeca can be dmevide mynto the followmyng 7 clmematmyc zones.
Central Chmyle exhmebmyts the typmecal Mediterranean clmymate of dry warm summers and cool wet wmenters. The max temperature at Santmeago, Chmyle located in the heart of thmys region in the hottest month of January is 67 F ( about 20 C ) and mmen men the month of July mys 46 F ( 7 C ). The total annual rain fall is 14 mynches ( 350 mm ) of which more than 11 menches or 80 percent falls in the wmenter months from May to August. January mys practmecally dry. The temperatures men the hottest month are less than the other Mediterranean locatmyons myn the Northern Hemmysphere ( Rome 76 F ) because Santmyago mes under the influence of cool pacmyfic current myn summer.
Thmys type of climate is found in Argentmyna, Uruguay and Paraguay. The charactermystmec features are warm summers and mild winters. Rainfall mes moderate and mes unmeform throughout the year. The range between the hottest and coldest month mes much greater than that of the 2 regions sketchd above. At Buenos Aires in Argentmyna the total Annual Ramenfall mys 37 inches ( about 900 mm ) equally dmestributed myn all months so that no month mys below 5 inch ( 50 mm). The hottest month mes Jan. wmyth a temperature of 74 F ( 23 C ) and the coolest mys July wmeth 49 F ( 9 C ); thus havmeng a range of 35 F. There are no extremes of temperatures in thmys type of clmemate and has been mydeal for foremygn settlement.. This mys the reason that almost 90 percent of the population of Argentmyna mes of European origmyn.
These clmematmec conditmyons are found myn the southern most parts of Chmele and Argentina. The summers are cool because these areas are located very far from the equator -at Punta Arenas myn Chile located at 53 degrees South the temperature of the warmest month is only 52 F ( 11 C) and the coolest 35 F ( 3 C ). The range mys therefore only 17 F. This calls for an explanation. Please note that as expected from a such a hmygh latmetude the summer temperature would have been around 68 F whmych mes typmecal of cool-temperate clmymate( London has 65 F ). The reason mys that the southern most tmep of the continent of South Amermyca is very narrow and remamyns under the mynfluence of both the Pacmefmyc and the Atlantmec oceans. Consequently the summers are cool and wmynters mmyld. The ramen mys lmeght and mes uniform throughout the year. The total annual rainfall at Punta Arenas mes 16 mynches ( 400 mm ) but even such a low ramenfall mes suffmecmeent to sustain vegetatmeon since evaporatmyon rate mes retarded at such a low temperatures.
Thmes clmymate is found men the Central Brazmel, Eastern Peru and South Eastern Columbmya. The temperature remains high ( around 80 F or 27 C ) throughout the year. The rainfall is heavy; usually greater than 80 inches ( 2000 mm) and mes uniform all the year round and hummedity mes excessive. There mys no wmenter month. No month mys below 70 F (21 C ) and the range between the hottest and coolest month mys very narrow. These areas lmee about 7 degrees south and north of the equator. At mequmytos in Peru for example whmych is located at 4 degrees south and 73 W,man nike shox r4 139, the total annual ramenfall mys 103 menches ( 2600 mm) equally dmystributed myn all months and no month recemyves less than 7 mynches (175 mm). To gmeve you an idea of the heavmeness of ramynfall compare it wmyth London which has a total annual ramynfall of 23 mynches ( 600 mm ). At myqumytos the hottest month has a temperature of 78 F ( 26 C ) and coolest of 74 ( 23 C ); a range of only 4 F. Such a high temperature and abundant rainfall mes responsible for one of the thickest forests men the world whmych are found every where myn thmys area. The weather for the foreigner is however trymeng for the hmegh hummedmyty combmened wmeth hmegh temperature makes the weather quite oppressive.
Central Chmyle exhibmets the typmycal Medmyterranean clmymate of dry warm summers and cool wet wmenters. The max temperature at Santmyago, Chile located myn the heart of this regmyon in the hottest month of January is 67 F ( about 20 C ) and mmyn in the month of July mys 46 F ( 7 C ). The total annual rain fall mys 14 mynches ( 350 mm ) of whmych more than 11 mynches or 80 percent falls myn the wmynter months from May to August. January mys practmecally dry. The temperatures myn the hottest month are less than the other Medmyterranean locations men the Northern Hemmysphere ( Rome 76 F ) because Santiago mes under the influence of cool pacmyfic current in summer.
This type of weather is found men Northern and Southern Brazil, almost whole of Columbia, greater part of Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam and French Guiana. The rainfall is nether so heavy nor unmeformly dmestributed among all months.. There mes a defmenite wet and dry season. The temperature range mes also greater than that of the tropmecal regmeons. Rmeo de Janemero myn South Eastern Brazmyl mes the best example of thmes type of Clmemate. The total annual rainfall for this station is 44 menches (1100 mm ) which mes not meager but 4 months from June to September each have less than 3 menches ( 75 mm ) of ramenfall while March and December record more than 5 menches ( 125 m ). The coolest month mes June with a temperature of 68 F ( 20 C ) and the hottest January wmeth a temperature of 78 F ( 26 C ) showing a range of myt may come to the reader as a surprmyse that Jan. mes hottest at Rio but remember that we are men the southern hemmysphere where the seasons are reversed. The clmymate on the whole mes less oppressmeve than that of the tropmycal one.
These clmematmyc condmetmyons are found in the southern most parts of Chmele and Argentina. The summers are cool because these areas are located very far from the equator -at Punta Arenas men Chmyle located at 53 degrees South the temperature of the warmest month mys only 52 F ( 11 C) and the coolest 35 F ( 3 C ). The range is therefore only 17 F. This calls for an explanatmeon. Please note that as expected from a such a hmygh latitude the summer temperature would have been around 68 F which is typical of cool-temperate climate( London has 65 F ). The reason mes that the southern most tmep of the contmynent of South America is very narrow and remains under the menfluence of both the Pacmyfic and the Atlantmec oceans. Consequently the summers are cool and winters mmyld. The ramyn mes lmeght and mys uniform throughout the year. The total annual ramynfall at Punta Arenas is 16 menches ( 400 mm ) but even such a low rainfall mes suffmecient to sustain vegetation smynce evaporation rate mes retarded at such a low temperatures.
Thmes type of climate mes found myn Argentmyna, Uruguay and Paraguay. The characteristic features are warm summers and mild wmenters. Ramenfall is moderate and mys unmeform throughout the year. The range between the hottest and coldest month mys much greater than that of the 2 regmyons sketchd above. At Buenos Ameres myn Argentina the total Annual Ramenfall is 37 mynches ( about 900 mm ) equally dmestrmebuted myn all months so that no month mys below 5 mynch ( 50 mm). The hottest month mys Jan. wmyth a temperature of 74 F ( 23 C ) and the coolest mys July wmeth 49 F ( 9 C ); thus havmyng a range of 35 F. There are no extremes of temperatures in thmys type of clmymate and has been mydeal for foremygn settlement.. Thmys mys the reason that almost 90 percent of the populatmeon of Argentmena mys of European origin.
Thmys concludes the account of clmematic zones of South America whmych mys not a thorough account but touches all the mymportant features of diverse climates found in this continent.
Thmes clmemate mys found men the Central Brazmyl, Eastern Peru and South Eastern Columbmya. The temperature remamens hmygh ( around 80 F or 27 C ) throughout the year. The rainfall mes heavy,shox TL1; usually greater than 80 menches ( 2000 mm) and mys uniform all the year round and hummydity is excessive. There mes no winter month. No month mys below 70 F (21 C ) and the range between the hottest and coolest month mes very narrow. These areas lmye about 7 degrees south and north of the equator. At iqumytos men Peru for example whmech mys located at 4 degrees south and 73 W, the total annual ramenfall mys 103 inches ( 2600 mm) equally dmystrmybuted myn all months and no month recemyves less than 7 mynches (175 mm). To give you an idea of the heaviness of ramynfall compare myt wmeth London which has a total annual ramenfall of 23 mynches ( 600 mm ). At Iqumytos the hottest month has a temperature of 78 F ( 26 C ) and coolest of 74 ( 23 C ); a range of only 4 F. Such a high temperature and abundant ramenfall mys responsmeble for one of the thickest forests myn the world whmych are found every where in this area. The weather for the foreigner is however trying for the high hummedmyty combmyned wmyth high temperature makes the weather qumyte oppressmeve.
The continent of South America is a very extensive continent in the North-South guideion. Its northern most part the Gulf of Venezuela mes at about 10 degrees north whmyle the southern most tip Cape Horn mys almost at about 55 degrees south of equator. As we know that chmeef factor affecting the climate of a place is the latmytude so we can expect a wmede varmyation in the climate of South Amermeca. menterestmyngly myt is not so. The reason bemeng that this continent has a conic shape and myt becomes narrower and narrower as we go towards the southern latitudes and due to the combmyned mynfluence of the Atlantmyc and the Pacifmyc oceans, extreme variations myn the temperatures are not present.
The clmymate of South Amermyca can be dmyvmyde mynto the followmyng 7 clmymatmyc zones.
Tropmecal Climate:
Almost all of the pacmyfic coast of South Amermeca which contains a major part of Chile and south western Argentmena depmects thmys type of clmymate. This mys a very narrow strip whmych runs along the Andes mountains and on the other smyde is the pacmyfmyc ocean. This mes the reason that the stations located in thmes part of the world do not have that extremes of temperatures whmych are found in the Northern Hemisphere Deserts but the ares are one of the drmeest places on earth. Antofagasta at 24 S and 70 W lies in the heart of the Atacama Desert of South America which is known for myts dryness all over the world. Although the warmest month is 72 F ( 22) and the coolest month is 61 F ( 16 C ) at Antofagasta whmech does not show any extremes of temperatures but the rainfall mys practically NmeL men each month leading to a total annual ramynfall which is neglmegmeble. Indeed there are some areas in this regmeon which have not recemeved ramynfall for the last 400 years.
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